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Research Team

Aquatic Animal Health

Aquaculture represents the fastest-growing food production sector globally. However, its sustainability is at stake due to the predicted effects of climate change that are not only a future but also a present reality. Adapting to the predicted changes in the short-term while taking mitigation measures in the long-term could be the only way towards sustaining profitability. Therefore, new knowledge on how farmed animals cope with current aquaculture practices is of outmost importance to improve management and sustainability of the sector.

Unsuitable farming conditions can lead to antibiotic overuse as prophylactic and therapeutic treatments, being a major cause for the emergence and widespread of antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, alternative and sustainable management strategies against infection are urgently needed.
Within this context, A2S team aims to explore innovative and sustainable solutions to improve the health condition of farmed animals. Both fundamental understanding of the mechanisms involved as well as practical approaches in collaboration with companies are pursued. Current research includes the identification of solid biomarker signatures for animal health and welfare that will further support the development of innovative prediction tools and non-invasive biosensors as a scientific breakthrough in a precision veterinary medicine context, such as animal disease susceptibility, diagnosis, and treatment response for smart farming.
In particular, the research being developed by A2S Team is focusing on:
Sustainable strategies to improve animal health. Nutritional approaches for animal health management are expected to contribute to reduce the need for non-sustainable solutions such as antimicrobials. Beyond nutritional strategies, biotechnological concepts such as genetic improvement, passive immunization and novel vehicles for antigen delivery through oral vaccines are also being carried out.
Host-pathogen interactions. Host-pathogen interactions are vital to our understanding of infectious disease, as well as its treatment and prevention. Through the investigation and analysis of the different stages of infection, the mechanisms by which pathogens invade and proliferate in their hosts can be elucidated. Main etiological agents are related to emerging and fastidious bacterial and parasitic infections.
Unravelling the neuro-endocrine/immune interactions. Studies are being directed to the effects of stressful husbandry conditions as well as acute and chronic inflammatory conditions on the neuroendocrine-immune network. Attention is given to the role of serotonin, cortisol and opioid receptors on the modulation of the immune response within central and peripheral systems.

Principal Investigator

Team Leader

Benjamín Costas completed a Masters in Aquaculture by the University of Algarve in 2006, and in 2011 achieved a PhD degree in Animal Science by the University of Porto. Benjamín Costas is currently Principal Researcher at CIIMAR and Head of Aquatic Animal Health, a young and strongly motivated team highlighting nutritional immunology as main research line. Dr. Costas is passionate about aquatic animal health and welfare and is actually coordinating several national and international projects in those topics. Main research is targeting novel strategies to improve fish disease resistance and welfare as well as on non-invasive biomarkers of animal health.

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Co-Principal Investigator
Researcher

Sergio Fernández Boo graduated in Marine Biology by the University of Santiago de Compostela. During my PhD I have been working in the interaction between the clam Ruditapes spp. and the parasite Perkinsus olseni. After that, I joined the EU Reference Lab for Bivalve Diseases (LRUE/IFREMER) in France. Since 2016, I am working at Aquatic Animal Health group, first as a researcher in the project INSEAFOOD within a postdoc grant and currently I have an Auxiliary research contract from FCT. The main areas of my work are the interaction host/parasites and the search for biomarkers of disease resistance in invertebrates using genomics and proteomics as the main source for biomarker characterization.

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Research Projects

ALGAFISH

AQUACOMBINE

AQUAVIP

ATLANTIDA

BREEDFLAT

CRAGIAMP

CyanoVaccine

EICOBREAM

EMPHATIC

FEEDMI

GRINNAQUA

IGNITION

IMMUNAA

IMMUNOSENS

INFLAMMAA

LEGATEE

MICROBOOST

NoStress

PANDORAA

PBA

Tools4Breed

ValorMar

Y+Health

ZEBRALGRE

Team members

PhD student
Human Resources

Aminur Rashid is a Ph.D. student in the Department of Marine Biotechnology and Aquaculture at the University of Porto, affiliated with the Aquatic Animal Health group at CIIMAR. He holds a Bachelor’s degree in Fisheries and a Master of Science in Aquaculture from Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh. He pursued a second master’s degree in Aquaculture with a major in health management from Ghent University, Belgium. His Ph.D. research focuses on exploring the potential of bioactive compounds from halophyte residual biomass to enhance fish health and disease resistance. His professional motto is to alleviate hunger through aquaculture.

PhD Student

Ana Garcia graduated in Biochemistry at University of Minho, where she persued a Master’s degree in Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Bioentrepreneuship in Plants. Since 2018, Ana has been a member of A2S team, contributing to several projects. In 2021 she enroled a PhD under the doctoral program Animal Sciences (nutrition), in collaboration with Nord University, in Norway. Ana PhD studies are in the scope of the European project AQUACOMBINE. Her research is focused on exploring the inclusion of halophyte plants into aquafeeds, aiming to improve fish health and aquaculture sustainability, through green and circular economic concepts.

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Researcher

Ana Rocha graduated in Zootechnical Ana Rocha graduated in Zootechnical Engineering in 2000 (UTAD, Portugal) and completed her PhD degree in Biological Sciences in 2008 (University of Valencia, Spain). She then performed several post-doc stays at the University of Cologne, the Spanish National Research Council and Uppsala University. Presently, her research aims at developing solutions and tools to improve farmed fish larvae health based on transgenerational immune priming and “in ovo” delivery of immunostimulants.

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Researcher

António Afonso is a Professor at various levels of training in the area of Marine Sciences, namely Vertebrate Biology, Ichthyology, Aquaculture and Fish Immunology. He is also a member of the Scientific Committee of the Degree in Sciences of the Aquatic Environment, of the Master in Sciences of the Sea – Marine Resources, and conductor of several disciplines. Prof. António Afonso bases his work on studying the effects that common aquaculture practices have on the fish's innate immune system, through basic and applied research. In addition to the more fundamental aspects mentioned above, Prof. António Afonso has developed innovation projects in aquaculture in partnership with companies dedicated to this branch of activity, where the greatest attention has been related to aquaculture in estuarine and coastal environments.

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Research Technician

Bernardo Pereira graduated in Biology from the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto (FCUP) in 2018 and is currently a master’s degree student in Marine Sciences – Marine Resources at ICBAS, University of Porto. He has a background in ornamental fish handling/welfare and sustainable aquaculture (RAS system). His main interests are sustainable aquaculture, animal health and welfare, ethology, ecology and species conservation.

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Research Technician

I am a graduate in Biochemisty from FCUP (University of Porto), Msc degree holder in Quality control from FFUP (University of Porto) and a Post-doc in Animal Science from ICBAS (University of Porto). Currently, a research fellow at Animal Health and Aquaculture Group, from CIIMAR. My main research interests to date have been, environmental toxicology and fish sustainable nutrition and health. Currently, I have been focusing in fish immunological status and response and how to improve it, through novel and sustainable fish feed additives focusing on microalgae biotechnology.

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Researcher

Carla Teixeira holds a MSc in Veterinary Medicine (University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal) and a PhD in Animal Science (ICBAS – University of Porto, Porto, Portugal).
Her expertise is related to fish and shrimp welfare and nutrition. Her research studies are related to intestinal integrity and homeostasis, diet-intestine interactions and intestinal microbiota diversity.

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Researcher

Graduated in Marine Biology by the Universidad de Oriente (Venezuela) in 2007, acquired the Master degree in Molecular Biology in 2011 by the University of Los Andes (Venezuela), and the PhD in Agri-food Resources by the University of Cadiz (Spain) in 2019. In brief, I have published until now 17 papers in international peer review journals, with a total of 218 citations, h index 8, and i10 index 7. Currently, my main line of research is focused on the generation of transgenic Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strains that express RNAi, to be used in antiviral and antibacterial therapies applied to aquaculture sector.

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PhD student

Diogo Peixoto is a Biology graduate from the University of Évora and holds a Master’s degree in Aquatic Biological Resources from the Faculty of Sciences at the University of Porto. Currently, he is a PhD candidate from School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS) and a member of the Aquatic Animal Health team at CIIMAR, in collaboration with the University of Cadiz (Spain). Throughout his professional journey, he has garnered recognition with three awards and honors and has actively contributed to 12 research projects, with one of them in the role of principal investigator. His research line is focus on fish metabolism and on the bi-directional pathways between neuroendocrine and immune systems.

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Research Technician

I’m a master student in Applications in Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology with experiences in research fields such as biochemistry, microbiology and cell and molecular biology. I’m currently working as a technician under the supervision of the A2S theme.

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Researcher

Francisca Silva-Brito, graduated in Biology (2012) from ICBAS-University of Porto, holds a M.Sc degree (2014) in Aquaculture and a Ph.D degree (2021) in Animal Science granted by ICBAS-University of Porto. She is currently working in A2S team in the framework of the project MICROBOOST. Her main research interests are focused on looking for sustainable dietary strategies to improve immunity and stress response of farmed fish.

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Researcher

Gonçalo Themudo is a biologist, specialized on data analysis of genetic and epidemiological data. He completed his MSc at the University of Porto (2005), and PhD at the University of Leiden (2010) studying spatial and temporal patterns of genetic diversity of marbled and crested newts.
His first post-doc at the University of Copenhagen and University of Southern Denmark (2009-2012) focused on the spatial spread of infectious diseases in Denmark. In 2012-2013, he studied genetic variability of honeybees in Europe and genomics of non-model organisms using ancient DNA at CIIMAR – University of Porto, in collaboration with the Center for GeoGenetics.
From 2014 to 2017, he worked on uses of second generation DNA sequencing in forensic contexts and on the genetics of mental diseases, at the University of Copenhagen. From 2017 to 2019, he focused on epigenomics and metabolomics of mental disorders at the Mental Health Center Sankt Hans, Capital Region of Denmark. In 2019, he returned to CIIMAR to work on evolutionary biology of vertebrates, in particular aquatic animals. In 2022, he joined Ce3C to study the genomic epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis. In 2023, he once again returned to CIIMAR, joining the Animal Health and Aquaculture team, under the project IGNITION.

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Researcher

Gregorio Molés is a postdoctoral researcher at CIIMAR. He graduated in Biological Sciences from the University of Murcia, Spain and received his PhD in 2011 in Science and Technology of Animal Production from the Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain. He has performed several postdoctoral stays at the Spanish National Research Council (IATS-CSIC and INIA-CSIC) and at the Uppsala University in Sweden. Currently, his research aims at developing new tools and cost-effective technologies based on recombinant antibodies, to enable rapid, real-time and on farm monitoring of fish health and fish performance.

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PhD student

Inês Ferreira graduated in Marine Biology and Biotechnology by the Polytechnic of Leiria in 2015 and holds a Master degree in Aquaculture granted by the same institute in 2018. She has developed work as research fellow in Cetemares (Marine Sciences R&D, Education, and Knowledge Dissemination Centre) in fish immune status and research field work in the framework of the project BE4AQUAHEALTH (MAR-02.05.01-FEAMP-0013). She is currently a PhD student at CIIMAR funded by FCT (SFRH/BD/147750/2019) in collaboration with IBMC/i3S. Her work is related to the infection mechanisms of Tenacibaculum maritimum, a pathogen with devastating consequences for aquaculture industry.

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Research Grant

Holds a degree in Veterinary Medicine from the University of Lisbon since 2022, with a project thesis on the theme “Seasonal variation of the biochemical and bioactivity of three macroalgae (Ericaria selaginoides, Bifurcaria bifurcata and Codium sp.) of Cascais municipality”. Worked for a year as a research fellow at EPPO-IPMA, focusing on fish pathology, especially in the areas of parasitology and microbiology. Currently working as a research fellow on the EarlyCOD project – “Early feeding of cod combining cryoplankton and microfeeds to improve fish performance and quality”.

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PhD student

João Estêvão holds an integrated Master degree (MSc) in Biological Engineering from University of Algarve, Portugal. He worked as an Intern at the Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR, Algarve, Portugal) and at the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST, Saudi Arabia). João is currently a PhD student in Animal Science at the Aquatic Animal Health (A2S) team working at the Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR) facilities. His research line is focused on the creation/ identification of molecular tools for a better diagnosis of mollusc diseases and selection of pathogen-resistant families using molecular markers.

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Researcher

Lourenço Ramos Pinto holds a Biology degree from the University of Aveiro (2012), a Master’s in Marine Sciences from ICBAS-UP (2015), and a PhD in Animal Sciences (Nutrition) from ICBAS-University of Porto (2020). He researched fish immunonutrition within the Fish Nutrition and Immunobiology Group of CIIMAR, focusing on immune modulation under the SANFEED program funded by FCT and SPAROS Lda. Lourenço’s current interests lie in sustainable aquaculture optimization through nutrition and immune system modulation. He participated in the H2020 project AQUACOMBINE, exploring halophytes’ potential as fish and shrimp immune-modulators, and is Co-PI in the national project AQUAVIP for enhancing fish antiviral responses. Engaged in projects like IMMUNAA, INFLAMMAA, ATLANTIDA, BREEDFLAT and MICROBOOST, he also collaborates with industrial partners like BIOMAR, PHILEO, and SPAROS for immune-stimulating additives and vaccine efficacy. Presently in the A2S team for the GRINNAQUA project, Lourenço focuses on functional feed research to enhance fish and shrimp well-being.

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MSc student

hold a Bachelor’s degree in Marine Biology from the University of Algarve. I’m going to start my master’s thesis in the Marine Sciences – Marine Resources programme at the Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences. My goal is to study immune parameters and stress biomarkers in aquaculture fish. My areas of interest include fish immunology related to nutrition and sustainable aquaculture.

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Researcher

Marcia Saraiva is graduated in Biotechnology Engineering by the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, holds a master degree in Microbiology by the University of Aveiro, and a PhD in Molecular Biology by the University of Aberdeen (Scotland). She is currently a junior researcher in the A2S team working on the Microboost project. Her research focuses on mechanisms that enable an organism’s adaptation under environmental, physiological, or genetic challenges and how they can be, directly and/or indirectly, used to disrupt pathogenicity.

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Research Technician

Helena Barbosa graduated in Aquatic Sciences at the University of Porto in 2018. In 2022, she completed her Master’s degree in Applied Marine Biology at the University of Aveiro, where she studied biochemical markers related to metabolism and oxidative stress in bivalves, from an ecotoxicological perspective. Currently, Helena is a research technician in the Aquatic Animal Health group (A2S).

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PhD student

Inês Carvalho graduated in Applied Biology at the University of Minho in 2018, concluded her Master’s degree in Marine Sciences – Marine Resources at the University of Porto in 2020. Currently, she is a PhD student funded by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT). She is enrolled in the Doctoral Programme in Animal Science at the Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS, Portugal), collaborating with the Aquatic Animal Health team at CIIMAR, Portugal, and CISA-INIA-CSIC, Spain. Her research focuses on the impact of dietary methionine supplementation on fish immune responses, including mucosal immune responses, particularly during inflammation insults.

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Researcher

M. João Peixoto started her studies in Biology at UTAD and earned her doctor’s degree in Animal Science, centred on Nutrition, at ICBAS. Dr. Peixoto is presently joining the IMMUNAA project with Aquatic Animal Health Team at CIIMAR. She wishes to merge Academia and the Industry worlds focusing on Immunonutrition of Aquaculture species.

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Researcher

Rita Azeredo is graduated in Aquatic Sciences and holds a PhD degree in Biology granted by the Faculty of Sciences – University of Porto. She is currently an auxiliary researcher in the Aquatic Animal Health team. Her research focus has been to determine immunomodulatory and neuroendocrine effects of amino acids through dietary supplementation in aquafeeds, as a strategy to enhance farmed fish health and welfare. She has a particular interest in tryptophan and the mechanisms through which this amino acid modulates fish brain-gut axis, including neuroendocrine, immune and serotonergic mechanisms.

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Research Grant

Mariana Vaz is graduated in Marine Biology and Biotechnology (2019), and Master in Aquaculture (2022), by the Escola Superior de Turismo e Tecnologia do Mar, Polytechnic of Leiria. She was a research fellow (MARE – Polytechnic of Leiria) in the BE4AQUAHEALTH project: national screening of aquaculture fish pathologies: a commitment to prevention, and research fellow (MARE – Polytechnic of Leiria) of the LUCTA project – Evaluation of the effect of extracts in sea bass infected with nodavirus. She is currently a PhD fellowship at CIIMAR in the GRINNAQUA project ” Green innovation strategies for animal health management: towards sustainable aquaculture”, where she studies the role of methionine in the immune defences of fish (Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout) against viral (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus) and parasitic infections (sea lice).

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Researcher

Mariana Hinzmann is a post-doc researcher at CIIMAR, studying the immunity of aquaculture species. She graduated in Biology from U. Aveiro in 2002 and in 2005 master’s in Advanced Biomolecular Methods. Her research began with microalgae, focusing on toxic species involved in bivalve bioaccumulation processes. In 2016, she obtained her Ph.D. in Biomedical Sciences from U. Porto (bivalve immunology). Since then, she has been working with marine fish and shellfish species, linking algae-based diets and other stressors to immunity and overall health of the animals. She is passionate about science communications and has given lessons and presented outreach materials.

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Researcher

Graduated in Marine Biology holds a PhD degree in Animal Sciences granted by ICBAS-University of Porto, she is currently and auxiliary researcher in A2S team. Her main research line is dedicated to the development of nutritional strategies that could enhance fish overall health and vaccination efficiency. Her most recent research has been focus on the study of the multi-action mechanisms of viperin, an antiviral protein and the role of methionine in fish inflammation and antiviral response.

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MSc Student

I have a degree in Biology and Geology from the University of Minho and I’m currently doing a master’s degree in Marine Sciences – Marine Resources, with a specialization in Aquaculture and Fisheries at the Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar. I will be doing my thesis as part of the Blue Bioeconomy Pact project. My areas of interest are the welfare of fish in aquaculture, as well as increasing their immunity through nutrition.

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Research Grant

Paulo Santos holds a master degree in Veterinary Medicine by the University of Porto since 2017 and a master in Marine Biology – Marine Resources at Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar concluded in 2020. He collaborates with the group since 2017, being involved in several projects related with fish immune status and welfare, with special emphasis on the immune response to infectious processes. Paulo is currently developing is PhD focusing on immune enhancement and disease resistance through functional nutrition in early life stages of European seabass and Senegalese sole.

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MSc Student

Pedro Guimarães holds a degree in Biology from the University of Porto and is currently a student in the Master’s Degree in Biological Aquatic Resources from FCUP.
His main area of interest is the study of animal nutrition and at the moment he is developing his master’s dissertation in collaboration with Animal Health and Aquaculture team. He is also an enthusiast of promoting sustainable practices and one of his carrer focus is promoting a sustainable aquaculture.

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PhD Student

Sara Jorge has a bachelor degree in Aquatic Sciences and a master degree in Aquatic Biological Resources. Her current work aims to establish different non-terminal matrices to measure cortisol in zebrafish under acute and chronic stressful situations. Sara has expertise in fish care, animal facility maintenance, fish sampling, histological techniques, performance and analysis of behavioural tasks, anaesthesia administration, molecular biology techniques, determination of fish zootechnical performance, digestive function and formulation and analysis of experimental diets. Her main research interests are animal behavior, anesthesia, fish physiology, nutrition, health, and welfare.

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Researcher

Sergio Fernández Boo graduated in Marine Biology by the University of Santiago de Compostela. During my PhD I have been working in the interaction between the clam Ruditapes spp. and the parasite Perkinsus olseni. After that, I joined the EU Reference Lab for Bivalve Diseases (LRUE/IFREMER) in France. Since 2016, I am working at Aquatic Animal Health group, first as a researcher in the project INSEAFOOD within a postdoc grant and currently I have an Auxiliary research contract from FCT. The main areas of my work are the interaction host/parasites and the search for biomarkers of disease resistance in invertebrates using genomics and proteomics as the main source for biomarker characterization.

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PhD student

Simão Correia graduated in Biology at the University of Aveiro and concluded his MSc degree in Applied Biology at the same institution in 2019. Simão participated in the COCKLES project, funded by Interreg Atlantic, with a research grant, and was member of the COACH project team, funded by the Ocean Conservation Fund. Additionally, Simão holds a MSc degree in Data Analysis and Computational Statistics from FCUP. Currently, Simão is a PhD student collaborating between CESAM, CIIMAR, USC (Spain), and UO (New Zealand). His main areas of interest revolve around the behavioural and evolutionary ecological processes involved in host-parasite interactions.

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Researcher

Susana Pereira graduated in Biology, holds a Master’s degree in Ecotoxicology and has a PhD degree in Biology (specialization in Environmental Toxicology) from the “Universidade de Aveiro” (UA). Her PhD was focused on the fate and effects of metal nanomaterials in freshwater organisms and was conducted in UA (CESAM), University of Plymouth and Colorado School of Mines. Now, she is part of the A2S team, working as an auxiliary researcher in the framework of the project BREEDFLAT that aims to improve flatfish breeder’s performance by enhancing immune system capacity and gamete quality with key-role nutrients for successful reproduction.

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Researcher

Tânia Pereira is a CIIMAR project manager and communicator, with a PhD in environmental and marine sciences by the University of Algarve (2015). Her research background is macroalgae physiology, cultivation and reforestation, improvement of Integrated Multi Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) systems. She also has experience in the science-policy interface.

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PhD student

Tiago Lopes has a BSc in Biology from University of Porto in 2015 and holds a MSc degree in Marine Sciences – Marine resources from ICBAS-UP since 2017. His research for MSc thesis was performed under a joint research between CIIMAR, SPAROS and GIFAS (Altantic salmon farm) and focused on Atlantic salmon immuno-nutrition. He is now employed by GIFAS, Norway, where he will conduct his Industrial PhD together with CIIMAR, Skretting, University of Nordland and Akvaplan Niva. His research focuses on the welfare improvement through immune-nutrition of lumpfish, a species used as biological control of sea lice in Atlantic salmon farming.

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PhD student

Tonka Buha is an Environmental Sciences graduate from the University of Zagreb, Croatia.
Currently, she is a PhD student working on novel health biomarkers and IT tools to assess fish health and welfare within the framework of the IGNITION project.

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Main publications

Dietary Salicornia ramosissima improves the European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) inflammatory response against Photobacterium damselae piscicida

Machado, M., Cruz, F., Cunha, A., Ramos-Pinto, L., Laranjeira, A., Pacheco, A., Rocha, R. J. M., Costas, B.

2024Frontiers in Immunology 15
Unravelling the main immune repertoire of Paracentrotus lividus following Vibrio anguillarum bath challenge

Fernández-Boo, S., Machado, A., Castro, L.F.C., Azeredo, R., Costas, B.

2024Fish & Shellfish Immunology 147
Search for new biomarkers of tolerance to Perkinsus olseni parasite infection in Ruditapes decussatus clams.

Estêvão, J., Osorio, H., Costas, B., Cruz, A., Fernández-Boo, S.

2023Fish & Shellfish Immunology 134, 108566
Health-promoting additives supplemented in inert microdiets for whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) post-larvae: Effects on growth, survival, and health status.

Barreto, A., Peixoto, D., Fajardo, C., Pinto, W., Rocha, R.J.M., Conceição, L.E.C., Costas, B.

2023Animals 13, 726
Effect of the alveolate parasite Perkinsus olseni infection on sexual maturation and spawning efficiency of the clam Ruditapes decussatus.

Fernández-Boo, S., Duarte, C., Guévélou, E., Sousa, J., Freitas, R., Joaquim, S., Costas, B., Magalhães, L., Matias, D., Cruz, A.

2023Parasitology 150, 321 – 328
Early innate immune responses in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) following Tenacibaculum maritimum infection.

Ferreira, I., Peixoto, D., Losada, A.P., Quiroga, M.I., do Vale, A., Costas, B.

2023Frontiers in Immunology 14: 1254677
Acute inflammation induces neuroendocrine and opioid receptor genes responses in the seabass Dicentrarchus labrax brain.

Azeredo, R., Machado, M., Pereiro, P., Barany, A., Mancera, J.M., Costas, B.

2022Biology 2022, 11, 364.
Tryptophan modulatory role in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) immune response to acute inflammation under stressful conditions.

Machado, M., Peixoto, D., Santos, P., Ricardo, A., Duarte, I., Carvalho, I., Aragão, C., Azeredo, R., Costas, B.

2022International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, 12475
Chlorella vulgaris extracts as modulators of the health status and the inflammatory response of gilthead seabream juveniles (Sparus aurata).

Reis, B., Ramos-Pinto, L., Cunha, S.A., Pintado, M., da Silva, J.L., Dias, J., Conceição, L., Matos, E., Costas, B.

2022Marine Drugs 20, 407